The products of the Ural and Siberian iron mills were exhibited at local trade fairs, and by the standards of that time those mills were considered among the best not only in Russia but also in Europe. In the early 19th century Ekaterinburg started to play an increasingly important role as an administrative, mining and machine building centre. The first part of 19th century was also marked by the flourishing of the art of stone-cutting, largely stimulated by the efforts of the Ekaterinburg factories.
The first general plan of Ekaterinburg demonstrates that this city on the river Iset was laid out according to the best specimens of international fortification art. Its mills were technologically advanced not only in the country but also in the world.
In 1924, during the Soviet period, Ekaterinburg was renamed Sverdlovsk after the revolutionary leader Yakov Sverdlov. During the Soviet period, Sverdlovsk grew rapidly and became one of the biggest industrial, cultural and scientific centres of Russia. For many years, the city was closed to foreigners because of its strategic defense industries. Opened to foreigners in 1990, the city has since made successful moves to reform its economy and open communication links to the outside world.
The city witnessed the death of monarchy in Russia, as the last Russian Tsar Nicolas II and his family were assassinated by the Bolsheviks here in the Ipatiev House on July 16, 1918. A wooden cross and a chapel were installed later. This site has been recognized by the Russian Orthodox Church as sacred, and the recently constructed Cathedral-on-the-Blood stands exactly where the Ipatiev House once stood.
The city is associated with another famous political figure, Boris Yeltsin, who was born in the village of Butka not far from Ekaterinburg. A major part of his political career took place in the Urals.
Spending time in Ekaterinburg
There are many libraries in the city, including the V. G. Belinsky Regional Library, the largest public library in the Ural region. Among the well-known theatre and music groups of Ekaterinburg are the State Theatre of Opera and Ballet, the State Theatre of Musical Comedy, the State Philharmonic Society, the Drama Theatre, etc. There are many other theatres worth visiting, including those at the universities.
Ekaterinburg is the centre of Ural rock music. It has more than 30 museums, such as the Museum of Regional Studies, the Fine Arts Museum, which possesses an excellent collection of Russian avant-garde painting, the Museum of Radio, the Museum of Ekaterinburg, the Museum of Ohotography ”Metenkov's House”, etc.
There are lots of opportunities for sports in Ekaterinburg. Some university sports activities (climbing, basketball, volleyball, hiking, etc.) are available for free.
The Ural nature is charming, and excursions may bring lasting memories. In winter, you can go skating, skiing and snowboarding in the Ural Mountains. Not far from the city there are downhill skiing and snowboarding centres.
Many people call Ekaterinburg “The City of Youth” because of its vibrant student life and career opportunities offered by our dynamically developing city.